PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
However, Marseille struck two times late to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.